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ST AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA - USA
St. Augustine is a city located in St. Johns County, Florida, in the region
known as Florida's First Coast. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total
population of 11,592. It is the county seat of St. Johns County.
History
It is the oldest continually occupied European settlement in the current
territory of the United States. It was founded by Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
on August 28, 1565, the feast day of St. Augustine, and consequently named
by him San Agustín. This was 42 years before the founding of Jamestown and
55 years before the landing on Plymouth Rock.
In 1586 it was attacked and burned by Sir Francis Drake. In 1668 it was
plundered by pirates and most of the inhabitants killed.
Spanish Colonial era builidings still existing in the city include the
fortress Castillo de San Marcos. The fortress was occupied by Union troops
during the American Civil War and later served as a prison for the Native
American leader Cochise. It is now the Castillo de San Marcos National
Monument.
In the late 19th century the railroad came to town, and led by industrialist
Henry Flagler, St. Augustine became a winter resort for the very wealthy of
the US north-east. A number of mansions and palatial grand hotels of this
era still exist, some converted to other use such as housing parts of
Flagler College and museums. Flagler went on to develop much more of
Florida's east coast, including his Florida East Coast Railway which
eventually reached Key West in 1912.
The city is a popular tourism attraction, for the rich architectural
heritage of Spanish Colonial as well as elite 19th century architecture. In
1938 the theme park Marineland opened just south of St. Augustine, becoming
one of Florida's first themed parks and setting the stage for the
development of this industry in the following decades.
Geography
St. Augustine is located at 29°53'39" North, 81°18'48" West (29.894264,
-81.313208)1.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of
27.8 km² (10.7 mi²). 21.7 km² (8.4 mi²) of it is land and 6.1 km² (2.4 mi²)
of it is water. The total area is 21.99% water.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there are 11,592 people, 4,963 households, and
2,600 families residing in the city. The population density is 534.7/km²
(1,384.6/mi²). There are 5,642 housing units at an average density of 260.3/km²
(673.9/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 81.21% White, 15.07% African
American, 0.41% Native American, 0.72% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 0.88%
from other races, and 1.61% from two or more races. 3.11% of the population
are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There are 4,963 households out of which 18.6% have children under the age of
18 living with them, 37.4% are married couples living together, 12.4% have a
female householder with no husband present, and 47.6% are non-families.
36.7% of all households are made up of individuals and 14.5% have someone
living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is
2.11 and the average family size is 2.76.
In the city the population is spread out with 16.1% under the age of 18,
15.3% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 25.2% from 45 to 64, and 19.5% who
are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 42 years. For every 100
females there are 84.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there
are 81.4 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $32,358, and the median
income for a family is $41,892. Males have a median income of $27,099 versus
$25,121 for females. The per capita income for the city is $21,225. 15.8% of
the population and 9.8% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the
total people living in poverty, 25.8% are under the age of 18 and 10.0% are
65 or older.
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