NANJING HISTORY |
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In 495 BC, the State of Wu established Yecheng in today's Nanjing city area.
The State of Yue conquered Wu and established Yuecheng in 473 BC.
The State of Chu established Jinlíng in this area in 333 BC.
The city has experienced numerous destructions and reconstructions.
At least three subsequent cities were constructed: Jiànkang of AD 229 (it
met total annihilation in AD 589 and became farmland thereafter), a later
Jinling built in 914, and the early Ming capital Nánjing constructed in
1366.
Nanjing was also the capital of the Taiping Rebellion in the mid-19th
century. |
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After the Northern Expedition in 1928, the Kuomintang under Chiang Kai-Shek
established Nanjing as the capital of China in opposition to a government in
Beijing led by northern warlords, and an alternate government in Wuhan led
by Wang Jingwei. After the completion of the Northern Expedition in 1931,
Chiang's government became the only recognized Chinese government.
In 1937 the city fell to the Japanese, who massacred prisoners-of-war,
refugees and its residents during the Battle of Nanjing (see Nanjing
Massacre). Chiang moved his government to Chongqing City, and the Japanese
established a puppet government in Nanjing under Wang Jingwei. After the end
of World War II, Nanjing was reestablished as the capital of the Republic of
China. In 1949, after the defeat of Chiang's forces on the Mainland, the
capital of the People's Republic of China was established in Beijing. The
Republic of China on Taiwan continues to recognize Nanjing as its "official"
capital, while Taipei is deemed as only "temporary. |
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